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Bible Survey Lesson 20 & 21: Book of Ezra
The Book of Ezra recounts the return of the Jewish exiles from Babylon to Jerusalem after their 70-year captivity, focusing on the rebuilding of the Temple and the restoration of the community’s spiritual practices. It highlights key figures like Zerubbabel, who led the first group back to rebuild the Temple, and Ezra, who later arrived to teach the Law and promote spiritual reform among the people.
Overview of EZRA
Historical Context
The Book of Ezra is set during the period following the Babylonian exile, which began in 586 BC. In 539 BC, Cyrus the Great, king of Persia, conquered Babylon and allowed the Jewish exiles to return to Jerusalem. This book documents their return and the rebuilding of the temple, emphasizing God’s faithfulness to His promises.
Structure and Content
The Book of Ezra is divided into two (2) main sections:
| SECTION | CONTENT DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| Ezra 1-6 | Covers the first return of exiles led by Zerubbabel, the rebuilding of the temple, and the challenges faced during this process. |
| Ezra 7-10 | Focuses on Ezra’s arrival in Jerusalem, his role as a priest and scribe, and his efforts to teach the Law and reform the community. |
Key Themes
- Restoration and Rebuilding: The narrative highlights the physical and spiritual restoration of the Jewish people as they return to their homeland.
- God’s Faithfulness: The book emphasizes that God keeps His promises, as seen in the return of the exiles and the rebuilding of the temple.
- Spiritual Renewal: Ezra’s leadership is crucial for instilling the Law and encouraging the people to renew their covenant with God.
Important Figures
- Cyrus the Great: Persian king who issued the decree allowing the Jews to return.
- Zerubbabel: Leader of the first group of exiles who oversaw the temple’s reconstruction.
- Ezra: A priest and scribe who led a second wave of exiles and focused on spiritual reform.
The Book of Ezra serves as a vital link in the history of the Israelites, showcasing their struggles and triumphs in rebuilding their community and faith after exile.